Glosses: Difference between revisions

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|4||third person (obviative)||
|4||third person (obviative)||
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|ABSN||absentive||
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|ADV||adverb(ial)||
|ADV||adverb(ial)||
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|AN||animate||
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|ANTIP||antipassive||
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|APPL||applicative||
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|BEN||benefactive||
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|CAUS||causative||
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|CLF||classifier||
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|COMP||complementizer||
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|COMPL||completive||
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|COND||conditional||
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|CONJ||conjunct||
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|COP||copula||
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|DECL||declarative||
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|DEM||demonstrative||
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|DIR||direct||
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|DIST||distal||
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|DISTR||distributive||
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|DU||dual||
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|EMPH||emphatic||
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|EXCL||exclusive||
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|FOC||focus||
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|FUT||future||
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|IMP||imperative||
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|IN||inanimate||
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|INCL||inclusive||
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|IND||indicative||
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||INF||infinitive||
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|INST||instrumental||
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|INT||intonation||
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|IPFV||imperfective||
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|IMPRS||impersonal||
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|IRR||irrealis||
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|LOC||locative||
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|N-||non-||
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|NEG||negation, negative||
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|NMLZ||nominalizer, nominalization||
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|OBJ||object||
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|OBL||oblique||
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|OBV||obviative|| see [[obviation]]
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|PASS||passive||
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|PFV||perfective||
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|PL||plural||
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|POSS||possessive||
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|PRF||perfect||
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|PRES||present||
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|PROG||progressive||
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|PROH||prohibitive||
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|PROX||proximal, proximate||
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|PST||past||
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|PURP||purposive||
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|Q||question, question marker/particle||
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|QUOT||quotative||
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|RECP||reciprocal||
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|REFL||reflexive||
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|RES||resultative||
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|SBJV||subjunctive||
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|SG||singular||
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|SUBJ||subject||
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|SUBV||subordinative||
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|TOP||topic||
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|VAI||intransitive verb with animate subject)||
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|VII||intransitive verb with inanimate subject)||
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|VOC||vocative||
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|VTA||transitive verb with animate subject & animate object||
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|VTI||transitive verb with animate subject & intransitive object||
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Revision as of 13:46, 11 April 2012

Format

Separate:

  • segmentable morphemes within a word with '-'
  • clitics with '='
  • multiple meta-language elements (meanings and/or abbreviations) in a single form with '.'


Gloss lexical items in 'normal font', and all else in 'CAPITALS' 

  1. ms't  e'pi-jig  genn-atijig                jinm-ug\\  
all   woman-PL  hold-VTA.IND.PRES.3PL>4PL  man-PL\\   
    'all the women are holding the men'


When separating verbal inflection into smaller morphemes, please gloss in linear order. But if not, gloss the verb using the following order:

  • verb order (i.e.VTA);
  • conjugation (i.e. IND.PRES = indicative present);
  • person & number (i.e. 3PL>4PL = 3rd person plural (subject) > 4th person plural (object))

NOTE: person/number agreement affixes that express both subject & object agreement, '>' should be used with the subject first and the object is second (i.e. subject>object)


Terms

(following Leipzig Glossing Conventions)

ABBREVIATION terminology notes
0 third person (inanimate)
1 first person
2 second person
3 third person (proximate)
4 third person (obviative)
ABSN absentive
ADV adverb(ial)
AN animate
ANTIP antipassive
APPL applicative
BEN benefactive
CAUS causative
CLF classifier
COMP complementizer
COMPL completive
COND conditional
CONJ conjunct
COP copula
DECL declarative
DEM demonstrative
DIR direct
DIST distal
DISTR distributive
DU dual
EMPH emphatic
EXCL exclusive
FOC focus
FUT future
IMP imperative
IN inanimate
INCL inclusive
IND indicative
INF infinitive
INST instrumental
INT intonation
IPFV imperfective
IMPRS impersonal
IRR irrealis
LOC locative
N- non-
NEG negation, negative
NMLZ nominalizer, nominalization
OBJ object
OBL oblique
OBV obviative see obviation
PASS passive
PFV perfective
PL plural
POSS possessive
PRF perfect
PRES present
PROG progressive
PROH prohibitive
PROX proximal, proximate
PST past
PURP purposive
Q question, question marker/particle
QUOT quotative
RECP reciprocal
REFL reflexive
RES resultative
SBJV subjunctive
SG singular
SUBJ subject
SUBV subordinative
TOP topic
VAI intransitive verb with animate subject)
VII intransitive verb with inanimate subject)
VOC vocative
VTA transitive verb with animate subject & animate object
VTI transitive verb with animate subject & intransitive object
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