Difference between revisions of "LingSync Glosses"

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 +
''being updated constantly, stay tuned''
  
−
==New Datum Fields==
+
==General Guidelines==
−
Current:
+
'''Gloss everything--no defaults'''!
−
*'''utterance'''
+
* This is mainly to make search easier and more intuitive. If we had, for instance, “animate” as the understood default person and only glossed inanimate morphology as such, it would be very difficult to get a datalist of all animate words. Having no default glossing means that all our glosses will be very explicit and therefore easy to search.
−
*'''morpheme'''
+
* This will be painful at the start, but once we have enough data in there, LingSync will autogloss and make our lives much easier! Hang in there.
−
*'''gloss'''
+
* If you have an affix that affects the category of the word to which it attaches, mark the original word's category as well as that of the affix. (ie: ''plamu'' 'salmon.AN' and ''plamu-ei'' 'salmon.AN-of.IN')
−
*'''translation'''
+
** However, if you have an affix that reflects the category of the original word, do not redundantly mark both for the same animacy. (ie: ''plamu'' 'salmon.AN' and ''plamu-g'' 'salmon-AN.PL')
  
−
Proposed:
+
When in doubt, '''don’t parse it out'''!
−
*'''utteranceType''': this field allows users to specify whether the Datum is a lone word such as NOUN or VERB, or a full SENTENCE or a STORYPART.
+
* Try to avoid making null morphemes unless there's very, very strong evidence for them. Pass it by someone else's eyes first, too!
−
**contender for a tag as well, rather than a Datum Field.
+
 
−
*'''utteranceNumber''': this field allows users to number a Datum to fit within a story, such as 1/20, 2a/20, 2b/20 etc.
+
In general, try to be '''faithful to the surface form''' when drawing morpheme boundaries. (ie match the morpheme line to the utterance line as closely as possible)
−
**NOT contender for a tag
+
* You can use comments to discuss phonology if you think there is a predictable process going on.
−
*'''conjugationType''': this field allows users to specify whether a verb is of the first conjugation, second conjugation, etc. (helpful for users who are learning Mi'gmaq and want to find more straightforward patterns.)
+
* One exception is the palatalization of 't' at morpheme boundaries. Throughout LingSync we will assume that t -> j / _-i, so it is safe to have the utterance and morpheme lines different here.
−
**contender for a tag as well, rather than a Datum Field.
+
 
 +
Order '''functional abbreviations''' (separated by dots) as you would say them out loud, e.g...
 +
* AN.PL
 +
* PRES.IND
 +
The auto-glosser doesn't currently learn anything as allcaps, so it will guess '''an.pl''' and '''obv''' for morphemes that we would normally gloss '''AN.PL''' and '''OBV'''. This isn't a big problem for searchability, but it does impact how readable your glosses are, so when possible please correct it to the capitals.
 +
 
 +
Verbs...
 +
* if you can identify a verb's theme sign, indicate it as being VAI, VTA, VII or VTI as appropriate
 +
* if you cannot identify the theme sign, don't worry about it. You can include it with dots (i.e. 'cook.VTI-3'), or put it in the tags for that datum (tagged: 'VTI'), and someone can come back to it later with an analysis.
 +
* due to the complexity of the Mi'gmaq verb, it's a good idea to run your glosses by someone else before you put them in LingSync. We may set up a forum for that soon, stay posted!
 +
*''to be continued''
 +
 
 +
When glossing speech...
 +
*''a''' and ''aij'' are 'uh' and 'um'
 +
* false starts are verbatim in the utterance line, and [false.start] in the morpheme and gloss lines
  
 
==Tags used==
 
==Tags used==
 +
Tags should generally be not the same as glossable morphemes.
 +
 
Current:
 
Current:
 +
*'''needs translation'''/'''needs glossing'''
 +
**use these tags if you're unsure of the translation or gloss you've used
 +
*'''preverb stacking'''
 +
**when you have more than two or three preverbs on a verb
 +
*'''SVO''', '''OSV''', '''SOV''', etc.
 +
**these tags are mostly being used in the session for Mike's word order experiment. Don't feel obliged to tag the word order of every datum you input.
  
 
Proposed:
 
Proposed:
 +
*NPI
 +
*Q wh
 +
*Q yesno
 +
*modal
  
 
==Abbreviations==
 
==Abbreviations==
Line 44: Line 71:
 
|ADV||adverb(ial)||
 
|ADV||adverb(ial)||
 
|-
 
|-
−
|AN||animate|| default form (assumed if animacy not indicated)
+
|AN||animate||
 
|-
 
|-
 
|ANTIP||antipassive||
 
|ANTIP||antipassive||
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|INCL||inclusive||
 
|INCL||inclusive||
 
|-
 
|-
−
|IND||indicative|| default form (assumed if mode not indicated)
+
|IND||indicative||
 
|-
 
|-
 
||INF||infinitive||
 
||INF||infinitive||
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|PRF||perfect||
 
|PRF||perfect||
 
|-
 
|-
−
|PRES||present|| default form (assumed if tense not indicated)
+
|PRES||present||
 
|-
 
|-
 
|PROG||progressive||
 
|PROG||progressive||
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|PROH||prohibitive||
 
|PROH||prohibitive||
 
|-
 
|-
−
|PROX||proximal, proximate|| default form (assumed if 3rd person not marked as obviative)
+
|PROX||proximal, proximate||
 
|-
 
|-
 
|PST||past||
 
|PST||past||
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|SBJV||subjunctive||
 
|SBJV||subjunctive||
 
|-
 
|-
−
|SG||singular|| default form (assumed if number not indicated)
+
|SG||singular||
 
|-
 
|-
 
|SUBJ||subject||
 
|SUBJ||subject||

Latest revision as of 10:42, 30 May 2014

being updated constantly, stay tuned

General Guidelines

Gloss everything--no defaults!

  • This is mainly to make search easier and more intuitive. If we had, for instance, “animate” as the understood default person and only glossed inanimate morphology as such, it would be very difficult to get a datalist of all animate words. Having no default glossing means that all our glosses will be very explicit and therefore easy to search.
  • This will be painful at the start, but once we have enough data in there, LingSync will autogloss and make our lives much easier! Hang in there.
  • If you have an affix that affects the category of the word to which it attaches, mark the original word's category as well as that of the affix. (ie: plamu 'salmon.AN' and plamu-ei 'salmon.AN-of.IN')
    • However, if you have an affix that reflects the category of the original word, do not redundantly mark both for the same animacy. (ie: plamu 'salmon.AN' and plamu-g 'salmon-AN.PL')

When in doubt, don’t parse it out!

  • Try to avoid making null morphemes unless there's very, very strong evidence for them. Pass it by someone else's eyes first, too!

In general, try to be faithful to the surface form when drawing morpheme boundaries. (ie match the morpheme line to the utterance line as closely as possible)

  • You can use comments to discuss phonology if you think there is a predictable process going on.
  • One exception is the palatalization of 't' at morpheme boundaries. Throughout LingSync we will assume that t -> j / _-i, so it is safe to have the utterance and morpheme lines different here.

Order functional abbreviations (separated by dots) as you would say them out loud, e.g...

  • AN.PL
  • PRES.IND

The auto-glosser doesn't currently learn anything as allcaps, so it will guess an.pl and obv for morphemes that we would normally gloss AN.PL and OBV. This isn't a big problem for searchability, but it does impact how readable your glosses are, so when possible please correct it to the capitals.

Verbs...

  • if you can identify a verb's theme sign, indicate it as being VAI, VTA, VII or VTI as appropriate
  • if you cannot identify the theme sign, don't worry about it. You can include it with dots (i.e. 'cook.VTI-3'), or put it in the tags for that datum (tagged: 'VTI'), and someone can come back to it later with an analysis.
  • due to the complexity of the Mi'gmaq verb, it's a good idea to run your glosses by someone else before you put them in LingSync. We may set up a forum for that soon, stay posted!
  • to be continued

When glossing speech...

  • a' and aij are 'uh' and 'um'
  • false starts are verbatim in the utterance line, and [false.start] in the morpheme and gloss lines

Tags used

Tags should generally be not the same as glossable morphemes.

Current:

  • needs translation/needs glossing
    • use these tags if you're unsure of the translation or gloss you've used
  • preverb stacking
    • when you have more than two or three preverbs on a verb
  • SVO, OSV, SOV, etc.
    • these tags are mostly being used in the session for Mike's word order experiment. Don't feel obliged to tag the word order of every datum you input.

Proposed:

  • NPI
  • Q wh
  • Q yesno
  • modal

Abbreviations

(following Leipzig Glossing Conventions)

ABBREVIATION terminology notes
0 third person (inanimate)
1 first person
12 first person inclusive ('we (me & you)')
13 first person exclusive ('we (me & another)')
2 second person
3 third person (proximate, i.e. 's/he')
4 third person (obviative, i.e. 'her/his mother'
ABSN absentive
ADV adverb(ial)
AN animate
ANTIP antipassive
APPL applicative
BEN benefactive
CAUS causative
CLF classifier
COMP complementizer
COMPL completive
COND conditional
CONJ conjunct
COP copula
DECL declarative
DEM demonstrative
DIR direct
DIST distal
DISTR distributive
DU dual
EMPH emphatic
EXCL exclusive
EXT.PL extended plural (provisional term contrasting with SG, DL, PL, to mean a number equivalent of 'multitude')
FOC focus
FUT future
IMP imperative
IN inanimate
INCL inclusive
IND indicative
INF infinitive
INST instrumental
INT intonation
IPFV imperfective
IMPS impersonal
IRR irrealis
LOC locative
N- non-
NEG negation, negative
NMLZ nominalizer, nominalization
OBJ object
OBL oblique
OBV obviative see obviation
PART particle
PASS passive
PFV perfective
PL plural
POSS possessive
PLP pluperfect
PRF perfect
PRES present
PROG progressive
PROH prohibitive
PROX proximal, proximate
PST past
PURP purposive
Q question, question marker/particle
QUOT quotative
RECP reciprocal
REFL reflexive
RES resultative
SBJV subjunctive
SG singular
SUBJ subject
SUBV subordinative
TOP topic
VAI intransitive verb with animate subject)
VII intransitive verb with inanimate subject)
VOC vocative
VTA transitive verb with animate subject & animate object
VTI transitive verb with animate subject & intransitive object
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