Vowels - Revision history

Erin: /* Glide Formation */

2012-08-06T18:58:25Z

Glide Formation

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:58, 6 August 2012
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	''Main page: [[W and I]]''		''Main page: [[W and I]]''

	When reading written Mi'gmaq out loud, it may be noticed that sometimes the letter ''i'' is actually pronounced more like the English letter ''y'' (spelled in IPA as [j]). This usually happens when /i/ is located after the [[Vowels\|vowels]] /a/ and /e/, as in ''~~gesigwewei~~'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/g/gesigewei/recording1.mp3 [kɛsigɛwɛ'''j''']]), 'associated with winter'. In this way, we can say that [j] is just an allophone of /i/.		When reading written Mi'gmaq out loud, it may be noticed that sometimes the letter ''i'' is actually pronounced more like the English letter ''y'' (spelled in IPA as [j]). This usually happens when /i/ is located after the [[Vowels\|vowels]] /a/ and /e/, as in ''gesigwewe'''i''' '' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/g/gesigewei/recording1.mp3 [kɛsigɛwɛ'''j''']]), 'associated with winter'. In this way, we can say that [j] is just an allophone of /i/.

	Similarly, what is spelled as ''w'' can also be said to come from /u/ in similar circumstances (except when following ''g'' and ''q'', since ''gw'' and ''qw'' are the spellings of /kʷ/ and /qʷ/, respectively). In this case, [w] appears:		Similarly, what is spelled as ''w'' can also be said to come from /u/ in similar circumstances (except when following ''g'' and ''q'', since ''gw'' and ''qw'' are the spellings of /kʷ/ and /qʷ/, respectively). In this case, [w] appears:

	* Between vowels, as in ''~~giwasg~~'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/g/giwasg/recording1.mp3 [~~kiwaskʰ~~]]), 'heat lightning'		* Between vowels, as in ''gi'''w'''asg'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/g/giwasg/recording1.mp3 [ki'''w'''askʰ]]), 'heat lightning'
	* At the beginnings of words before vowels, as in ''~~welp~~'teg'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/w/welp%27teg/recording1.mp3 [~~wɛlpədɛkʰ~~]]), 'it (inanimate) is nice and warm'		* At the beginnings of words before vowels, as in '' '''w'''elp'teg'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/w/welp%27teg/recording1.mp3 ['''w'''ɛlpədɛkʰ]]), 'it (inanimate) is nice and warm'
	* At the ends of words after vowels, as in ''te'~~sipow~~'' (pronounced http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/t/te%27sipow/recording1.mp3 [~~tɛːsibow~~]]), 'horse'		* At the ends of words after vowels, as in ''te'sipo'''w''' '' (pronounced http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/t/te%27sipow/recording1.mp3 [tɛːsibo'''w''']]), 'horse'

	These allophones, [j] and [w], are known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glide_%28linguistics%29 glides] or semivowels.		These allophones, [j] and [w], are known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glide_%28linguistics%29 glides] or semivowels.

Erin: /* References */

2012-07-27T20:28:37Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:28, 27 July 2012
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	=References=		=References=
	* Bragg, Russel A. (1976). Some Aspects of the Phonology of Newfoundland Micmac. Masters' Thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland		* Bragg, Russel A. (1976). ''Some Aspects of the Phonology of Newfoundland Micmac''. Masters' Thesis, Memorial University of Newfoundland
	* Fidelholz, James Lawrence (1963). Micmac Morphophonemics. PhD. Dissertation, Massechusetts Institute of Technology		* Fidelholz, James Lawrence (1963). ''Micmac Morphophonemics''. PhD. Dissertation, Massechusetts Institute of Technology
	* Gussenhoven, Carlos and Haike Jacobs (2005). Understanding Phonology 2nd ed. London: Hodder Education		* Gussenhoven, Carlos and Haike Jacobs (2005). ''Understanding Phonology''. 2nd ed. London: Hodder Education
	* Ladefoged, Peter. 2006. A Course in Phonetics. 5th ed. Boston: Thomson Higher Education.		* Ladefoged, Peter. 2006. ''A Course in Phonetics''. 5th ed. Boston: Thomson Higher Education.
	* [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/ Mi'gmaq Talking Dictionary]		* [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/ Mi'gmaq Talking Dictionary]

Erin: /* /o/ */

2012-07-27T16:57:02Z

/o/

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 27 July 2012
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	==/o/==		==/o/==

	''Main page: [[O]]''		''Main page: [[Phonemic Status of O]]''

	The vowel /o/ in Mi'gmaq is subject to '''lowering''' to the vowel allophone [ɔ] before the sounds /q/ and /qʷ/, as in ''elaptoq'' (pronounced [[http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/e/elaptoq/recording1.mp3 [ɛlapt'''ɔ'''q͡χ]]), 'he or she makes tracks toward' (which may also be pronounced [[Consonants#/kʷ/_and_/qʷ/\|[ɛlaptɔq͡χʷ]]]).		The vowel /o/ in Mi'gmaq is subject to '''lowering''' to the vowel allophone [ɔ] before the sounds /q/ and /qʷ/, as in ''elaptoq'' (pronounced [[http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/e/elaptoq/recording1.mp3 [ɛlapt'''ɔ'''q͡χ]]), 'he or she makes tracks toward' (which may also be pronounced [[Consonants#/kʷ/_and_/qʷ/\|[ɛlaptɔq͡χʷ]]]).

Erin: /* Vowel Inventory */

2012-07-27T16:56:34Z

Vowel Inventory

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:56, 27 July 2012
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	\| ɛː		\| ɛː
	\| colspan="2" \| [[Schwa\|ə]]		\| colspan="2" \| [[Schwa\|ə]]
	\| [[O\|o]]		\| [[Phonemic Status of O\|o]]
	\| oː		\| oː
	\|-		\|-

Erin: /* Table of Allophones */

2012-07-26T22:49:34Z

Table of Allophones

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:49, 26 July 2012
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	==Table of Allophones==		==Table of Allophones==

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
	\|+		\|+
	! Phoneme\|\|General Pronunciation\|\|[[Vowels#/o/\|Lowered]]\|\|[[Vowels#/ɛ/\|Tensed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Laxing\|Laxed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Glide_Formation\|Glided]]		! Phoneme\|\|General Pronunciation\|\|[[Vowels#/o/\|Lowered]]\|\|[[Vowels#/ɛ/\|Tensed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Laxing\|Laxed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Glide_Formation\|Glided]]

Erin: /* Vowel Inventory */

2012-07-26T22:49:01Z

Vowel Inventory

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:49, 26 July 2012
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	\|+ Vowels		\|+ Vowels
	! rowspan="2" \|		! rowspan="2" \|
	! ~~colsapn~~="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_vowel Front]		! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_vowel Front]
	! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_vowel Central]		! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_vowel Central]
	! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_vowel Back]		! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_vowel Back]

Erin: /* Table of Allophones */

2012-07-23T14:43:31Z

Table of Allophones

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:43, 23 July 2012
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
	! Phoneme\|\|General Pronunciation\|\|[[Vowels#/o/\|Lowered]]\|\|[[Vowels#/ɛ/\|Tensed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Laxing\|Laxed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Glide_Formation]]		! Phoneme\|\|General Pronunciation\|\|[[Vowels#/o/\|Lowered]]\|\|[[Vowels#/ɛ/\|Tensed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Laxing\|Laxed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Glide_Formation\|Glided]]
	\|-		\|-
	! /i/		! /i/

Erin: /* Pronunciation */

2012-07-23T14:43:09Z

Pronunciation

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:43, 23 July 2012
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	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
	! Phoneme\|\|General Pronunciation\|\|[[Vowels#/o/\|Lowered]]\|\|[[Vowels#/ɛ/\|Tensed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Laxing\|Laxed]]		! Phoneme\|\|General Pronunciation\|\|[[Vowels#/o/\|Lowered]]\|\|[[Vowels#/ɛ/\|Tensed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Laxing\|Laxed]]\|\|[[Vowels#Glide_Formation]]
	\|-		\|-
	! /i/		! /i/
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	\|		\|
	\| [ɪ]		\| [ɪ]
			\| [j]
	\|-		\|-
	! /iː/		! /iː/
	\| [iː]		\| [iː]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	\| [e], [eⁱ]		\| [e], [eⁱ]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
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	\|		\|
	\| [eː], [eːⁱ]		\| [eː], [eːⁱ]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|-		\|-
	! [[Vowels#Schwa\|/ə/]]		! [[Vowels#Schwa\|/ə/]]
	\| [ə], [ɨ], [ʉ]		\| [ə], [ɨ], [ʉ]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	\| [ʊ]		\| [ʊ]
			\| [w]
	\|-		\|-
	! /uː/		! /uː/
	\| [uː]		\| [uː]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	\| [ɔ]		\| [ɔ]
			\|
	\|-		\|-
	! /oː/		! /oː/
	\| [oː], [oːʷ]		\| [oː], [oːʷ]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	\| [ʌ]		\| [ʌ]
			\|
	\|-		\|-
	! /aː/		! /aː/
	\| [aː], [ɑː]		\| [aː], [ɑː]
			\|
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
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	However, not all speakers will lax vowels in both environments, or will not lax their vowels as often as other speakers do.		However, not all speakers will lax vowels in both environments, or will not lax their vowels as often as other speakers do.

			==Glide Formation==

			''Main page: [[W and I]]''

			When reading written Mi'gmaq out loud, it may be noticed that sometimes the letter ''i'' is actually pronounced more like the English letter ''y'' (spelled in IPA as [j]). This usually happens when /i/ is located after the [[Vowels\|vowels]] /a/ and /e/, as in ''gesigwewei'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/g/gesigewei/recording1.mp3 [kɛsigɛwɛ'''j''']]), 'associated with winter'. In this way, we can say that [j] is just an allophone of /i/.

			Similarly, what is spelled as ''w'' can also be said to come from /u/ in similar circumstances (except when following ''g'' and ''q'', since ''gw'' and ''qw'' are the spellings of /kʷ/ and /qʷ/, respectively). In this case, [w] appears:

			* Between vowels, as in ''giwasg'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/g/giwasg/recording1.mp3 [kiwaskʰ]]), 'heat lightning'
			* At the beginnings of words before vowels, as in ''welp'teg'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/w/welp%27teg/recording1.mp3 [wɛlpədɛkʰ]]), 'it (inanimate) is nice and warm'
			* At the ends of words after vowels, as in ''te'sipow'' (pronounced http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/t/te%27sipow/recording1.mp3 [tɛːsibow]]), 'horse'

			These allophones, [j] and [w], are known as [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glide_%28linguistics%29 glides] or semivowels.

	=References=		=References=

Erin: /* Pronunciation */

2012-07-23T13:20:10Z

Pronunciation

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:20, 23 July 2012
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	=Pronunciation=		=Pronunciation=

	We may notice that not every phoneme above is ever pronounced the exact same way. For example, we may notice that the ''o'' in ''nemitoq'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/n/nemitoq/recording1.mp3 [nɛmid'''ɔ'''q͡χʷ]]), 'he or she sees it', is not pronounced the same way as the ''o'' in ''algopit'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/a/algopit/recording1.mp3 [al̥k'''o'''bitʰ]]), 'he or she is sitting about'. The two pronunciations of ''o'' are '''allophones''' of /o/, since there is a difference between them, but this difference does not lead to a difference in meaning. That is, even if ''nemitoq'' were pronounced [nɛmid'''o'''q᷂͡χʷ] and ''algopit'' [al̥k'''ɔ'''bitʰ], they would still mean 'he or she sees it' and 'he or she is sitting about', respectively (even though the last two pronunciations may sound strange to native speakers).		We may notice that not every phoneme above is ever pronounced the exact same way. For example, we may notice that the ''o'' in ''nemitoq'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/n/nemitoq/recording1.mp3 [nɛmid'''ɔ'''q͡χʷ]]), 'he or she sees it ([[Animacy\|inanimate]])', is not pronounced the same way as the ''o'' in ''algopit'' (pronounced [http://www.mikmaqonline.org/words-mp3/media/a/algopit/recording1.mp3 [al̥k'''o'''bitʰ]]), 'he or she is sitting about'. The two pronunciations of ''o'' are '''allophones''' of /o/, since there is a difference between them, but this difference does not lead to a difference in meaning. That is, even if ''nemitoq'' were pronounced [nɛmid'''o'''q᷂͡χʷ] and ''algopit'' [al̥k'''ɔ'''bitʰ], they would still mean 'he or she sees it' and 'he or she is sitting about', respectively (even though the last two pronunciations may sound strange to native speakers).

	Below is a list of all of the different pronunciations of each vowel phoneme in Mi'gmaq. The most notable and important to keep in mind while learning the language are listed earlier than those that are not so noticeable, which are included so that researchers may have a complete picture of the allophones of Mi'gmaq.		Below is a list of all of the different pronunciations of each vowel phoneme in Mi'gmaq. The most notable and important to keep in mind while learning the language are listed earlier than those that are not so noticeable, which are included so that researchers may have a complete picture of the allophones of Mi'gmaq.

Erin at 13:17, 23 July 2012

2012-07-23T13:17:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:17, 23 July 2012
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	''This page is a summary of the '''~~vowed~~''' of Mi'gmaq and their pronunciations. For more information on the pronunciation differences between Mi'gmaq and English, please see [[Pronunciation Differences]]. If you are looking for information on the '''consonants''', please see [[Consonants]].		''This page is a summary of the '''vowels''' of Mi'gmaq and their pronunciations. For more information on the pronunciation differences between Mi'gmaq and English, please see [[Pronunciation Differences]]. If you are looking for information on the '''consonants''', please see [[Consonants]].

	This section is meant to introduce the learner, language teacher, or researcher with the vowels of Mi'gmaq and their pronunciations. Although all known pronunciations are listed here, only the most notable will be discussed in any detail on this page. In addition, some of the more interesting of these topics have their own page, in which they are discussed in further detail.		This section is meant to introduce the learner, language teacher, or researcher with the vowels of Mi'gmaq and their pronunciations. Although all known pronunciations are listed here, only the most notable will be discussed in any detail on this page. In addition, some of the more interesting of these topics have their own page, in which they are discussed in further detail.

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:49, 26 July 2012
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	\|+ Vowels		\|+ Vowels
	! rowspan="2" \|		! rowspan="2" \|
	! ~~colsapn~~="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_vowel Front]		! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_vowel Front]
	! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_vowel Central]		! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_vowel Central]
	! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_vowel Back]		! colspan="2"\|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back_vowel Back]