Tense - Revision history

Carol: /* Evidentiality */

2014-01-28T14:30:05Z

Evidentiality

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:30, 28 January 2014
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	===Evidentiality===		===Evidentiality===
	In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq."</ref>.		In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq."</ref>. For a more in depth description see [[Evidentiality]].

	====The direct evidential====		====The direct evidential====

Carol: /* Allomorph of the indirect evidential */

2014-01-27T03:25:15Z

Allomorph of the indirect evidential

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:25, 27 January 2014
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	=====Allomorph of the indirect evidential=====		=====Allomorph of the indirect evidential=====
	''-s'p'n'' is the ~~deferential~~ evidential used most commonly with the second person subjects and/or objects to indicate that the addressee has access to the source of knowledge by participating in the verb event under discussion.		''-s'p'n'' is an allomorph of the indirect evidential used most commonly with the second person subjects and/or objects to indicate that the addressee has access to the source of knowledge by participating in the verb event under discussion.

	<gl>		<gl>
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	</gl>		</gl>

	~~The deferential evidential~~ can also be used to refer to the addressee as the potential source of knowledge. Inglis (2002)describes this usage as being similar to an English tag question such as 'isn't that right?'<ref>Inglis, Stepahnie H. 2002. "Speaker's Experience: A Study of Mi'kmaq Modality''</ref>		This allomorph can also be used to refer to the addressee as the potential source of knowledge. Inglis (2002)describes this usage as being similar to an English tag question such as 'isn't that right?'<ref>Inglis, Stepahnie H. 2002. "Speaker's Experience: A Study of Mi'kmaq Modality"</ref>

	<gl>		<gl>

Carol: /* The deferential evidential */

2014-01-27T03:24:17Z

The deferential evidential

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:24, 27 January 2014
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	But ''-s'n'' is only used with first and third persons. If either the subject or object is second person, then the deferential evidential ''-s'p'n'' is used.		But ''-s'n'' is only used with first and third persons. If either the subject or object is second person, then the deferential evidential ''-s'p'n'' is used.

	====~~The deferential~~ evidential====		=====Allomorph of the indirect evidential=====
	''-s'p'n'' is the deferential evidential used most commonly with the second person subjects and/or objects to indicate that the addressee has access to the source of knowledge by participating in the verb event under discussion.		''-s'p'n'' is the deferential evidential used most commonly with the second person subjects and/or objects to indicate that the addressee has access to the source of knowledge by participating in the verb event under discussion.

Carol: /* The suppositive evidential */

2014-01-27T03:23:50Z

The suppositive evidential

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:23, 27 January 2014
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	'''You (Answer 2):''' nepai-as ''I (accidentally) fell asleep''		'''You (Answer 2):''' nepai-as ''I (accidentally) fell asleep''

	====The ~~suppositive~~ evidential====		====The indirect evidential====
	The ~~suppositive~~ suffix ''-s'n'' used to mark that the speaker knows about the verb event either through second hand knowledge, usually by being told about it. It does not refer to the speakers commitment to the truth of the sentence and should not be interpreted as meaning'' x supposedly did it.''		The indirect suffix ''-s'n'' used to mark that the speaker knows about the verb event either through second hand knowledge, usually by being told about it. It does not refer to the speakers commitment to the truth of the sentence and should not be interpreted as meaning'' x supposedly did it.''

	<gl>		<gl>

Carol: /* Evidentiality */

2014-01-27T03:20:27Z

Evidentiality

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:20, 27 January 2014
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	===Evidentiality===		===Evidentiality===
	In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq.''</ref>.		In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq."</ref>.

	====The direct evidential====		====The direct evidential====

Carol: /* Evidentiality */

2014-01-27T03:20:11Z

Evidentiality

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:20, 27 January 2014
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	===Evidentiality===		===Evidentiality===
	In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq''</ref>.		In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq.''</ref>.

	====The direct evidential====		====The direct evidential====

Carol: /* Past Tense in Questions */

2014-01-27T03:19:43Z

Past Tense in Questions

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:19, 27 January 2014
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	===Past Tense in Questions===		===Past Tense in Questions===
	Only the ~~suppositive or the deferential suffix~~ can be used in [[questions]]. ~~Intuitively this makes sense because someone is unlikely to ask a questions regarding something in which they were an active participant~~.		Only the indirect evidential marker can be used in [[questions]]. This reflects the lack of information of the speaker and thus solicits confirmation or information from the addressee.

	<gl>		<gl>

Carol: /* The direct evidential */

2014-01-27T03:18:43Z

The direct evidential

← Older revision		Revision as of 03:18, 27 January 2014
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	'''Teacher:''' Tami e'g-s'p ''where were you?''		'''Teacher:''' Tami e'g-s'p ''where were you?''

	'''You (Answer 1):''' ~~nepaj~~-ap ''I (purposefully) fell asleep''		'''You (Answer 1):''' nepai-ap ''I (purposefully) fell asleep''

	'''You (Answer 2):''' ~~nepaj~~-as ''I (accidentally) fell asleep''		'''You (Answer 2):''' nepai-as ''I (accidentally) fell asleep''

	====The suppositive evidential====		====The suppositive evidential====

Carol: /* The attestive evidential */

2014-01-27T02:17:39Z

The attestive evidential

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:17, 27 January 2014
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	In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq''</ref>.		In addition to marking that a verb is past tense the speaker must also state the source of their information, this is known as '''evidentiality'''. There are two evidential markers which encode source of information known: the direct (attestive) ''-pn'', the indirect (suppositive) ''-s('p)n''<ref>Little, Carol Rose. 2013. "Evidentiality in Mi'gmaq''</ref>.

	====The ~~attestive~~ evidential====		====The direct evidential====
	The ~~attestive~~ evidential is the most common suffix used in the past tense and indicates a direct source of evidence. The speaker must participate in the event or witness it in order to use the ''-p'n'' correctly.		The direct evidential is the most common suffix used in the past tense and indicates a direct source of evidence. The speaker must participate in the event or witness it in order to use the ''-p'n'' correctly.

	<gl>		<gl>
	\gll ulagu ~~tapusajig~~ ma'jat-pn-i'g ji'nm-ug\\		\gll ulagu tapusijig ma'jat-pn-i'g ji'nm-ug\\
	yesterday two leave.vta-(3)-past-pl man-pl		yesterday two leave.vta-(3)-past-pl man-pl
	\trans Two men left yesterday ( I saw it)		\trans Two men left yesterday ( I saw it)

Carol: /* The attestive evidential */

2014-01-27T00:09:15Z

The attestive evidential

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:09, 27 January 2014
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	<gl>		<gl>
	\gll ulagu tapusajig ma'jat-pn-i'g ~~jinum~~-ug\\		\gll ulagu tapusajig ma'jat-pn-i'g ji'nm-ug\\
	yesterday two leave.vta-(3)-past-pl man-pl		yesterday two leave.vta-(3)-past-pl man-pl
	\trans Two men left yesterday ( I saw it)		\trans Two men left yesterday ( I saw it)