Possession - Revision history

Elise at 23:10, 10 May 2012

2012-05-10T23:10:50Z

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	Consonant-initial stems are more simple. They take the same possessive prefixes as standard vowel-initial stems do, with schwas before the first- and second-person affixes, as is seen in [[Alienable ~~Possession~~\|alienable possession]] as well.		Consonant-initial stems are more simple. They take the same possessive prefixes as standard vowel-initial stems do, with schwas before the first- and second-person affixes, as is seen in [[Possession#Alienable Affixes\|alienable possession]] as well.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Elise: /* Inalienable Affixes */

2012-05-10T23:10:14Z

Inalienable Affixes

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	Consonant-initial stems are more simple. They take the same possessive prefixes as standard vowel-initial stems do, with schwas before the first- and second-person affixes, as is seen in [[Possession~~#Alienable_Affixes~~\|alienable possession]] as well.		Consonant-initial stems are more simple. They take the same possessive prefixes as standard vowel-initial stems do, with schwas before the first- and second-person affixes, as is seen in [[Alienable Possession\|alienable possession]] as well.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Elise: /* Terminology */

2012-05-10T23:03:12Z

Terminology

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	*'''Alienable''': a kind of possession where the possessed object might change owners. The relationship it has to its owner is not fundamental. For instance, you can have a book and give it to somebody else. It was yours and now it is theirs--the relationship has changed.		*'''Alienable''': a kind of possession where the possessed object might change owners. The relationship it has to its owner is not fundamental. For instance, you can have a book and give it to somebody else. It was yours and now it is theirs--the relationship has changed.
	*'''Inalienable''': a kind of possession where the relationship between the possessor and possessum is fundamental. For instance, your sister will always be your sister; this relationship cannot change. The same goes for other relationships, like how your foot will always be your foot.		*'''Inalienable''': a kind of possession where the relationship between the possessor and possessum is fundamental. For instance, your sister will always be your sister; this relationship cannot change. The same goes for other relationships, like how your foot will always be your foot.
	**in Mi'gmaq, body parts and family members are all inalienably possessed. A simple rule of thumb proposed by ~~Janine Metallic and her family~~ is "can we sell it at the craft fair?" with the non-sellable items being inalienably possessed, and the sellable items being alienably possessed. However, as with all rules of thumb, there are some exceptions. For example, "husband" and "wife" are both alienable, though we would predict that they are inalienable. Likewise, "friend" is inalienable, though it might be predicted to be alienable.		**in Mi'gmaq, body parts and family members are all inalienably possessed. A simple rule of thumb proposed by some speakers is "can we sell it at the craft fair?" with the non-sellable items being inalienably possessed, and the sellable items being alienably possessed. However, as with all rules of thumb, there are some exceptions. For example, "husband" and "wife" are both alienable, though we would predict that they are inalienable. Likewise, "friend" is inalienable, though it might be predicted to be alienable.
	*'''Affix''': a unit that attaches to a root word. They can change the meaning of the total word ("believable" plus the affix ''un-'' becomes "unbelievable," a totally different meaning) or can simply add information about it ("walk" plus the affix ''-ed'' makes "walked", which tells us that it is past tense).		*'''Affix''': a unit that attaches to a root word. They can change the meaning of the total word ("believable" plus the affix ''un-'' becomes "unbelievable," a totally different meaning) or can simply add information about it ("walk" plus the affix ''-ed'' makes "walked", which tells us that it is past tense).
	**'''Prefix''': an affix that attaches to the start of a word.		**'''Prefix''': an affix that attaches to the start of a word.

Elise at 22:26, 10 May 2012

2012-05-10T22:26:47Z

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	In addition to those two categories, there are also multiple possibilities for the form that Mi'gmaq possession takes. It may be expressed by...		In addition to those two categories, there are also multiple possibilities for the form that Mi'gmaq possession takes. It may be expressed by...
	*a possessive noun plus the possessed noun (only available for alienable possession).		*a possessive noun plus the possessed noun (only available for alienable possession).
	**~~the~~ possessive noun may be a noun or a pronoun, plus an ending such as ''-ewei''. Note that the rough ''-ewei'' ending agrees in animacy, number, and several other features with the possessum, so it may be ''-ewei'' or ''-eweil'' for inanimate possessums, and ''-eweil'' or ''-ewege'g'' for animate possessums.		**this possessive noun may be a noun or a pronoun, plus an ending such as ''-ewei''. Note that the rough ''-ewei'' ending agrees in animacy, number, and several other features with the possessum, so it may be ''-ewei'' or ''-eweil'' for inanimate possessums, and ''-eweil'' or ''-ewege'g'' for animate possessums.
	*[[Possession#Terminology\|affixes]] attaching directly on the ~~possessum~~. These affixes indicate person and number of the possessor, as well as number of the ~~possessum~~.		*[[Possession#Terminology\|affixes]] attaching directly on the possessed noun. These affixes indicate [[Nouns#Pronouns\|person]] and [[Nouns#Number\|number]] of the possessor, as well as number of the possessed noun.

	One last general note on possession is that some dialects of Mi'gmaq place a limit on the nouns that can be possessed. In such a dialect (our main consultant, Janine Metallic, speaks one of these) it is ungrammatical, or at least extremely strange, to possess an animal in any form, whether with the affix form or the ''-ewei'' form. However you can use the clausal 'I have an [animal]' form to express this possession. Though I hesitate to ascribe cultural values to grammatical characteristics, this is an interesting contrast to many other languages which freely allow phrases such as 'my dog'; it would be worth testing the boundaries of this limitation, though I do not explore that topic on this page.		One last general note on possession is that some dialects of Mi'gmaq place a limit on the nouns that can be possessed. In such a dialect (our main consultant, Janine Metallic, speaks one of these) it is ungrammatical, or at least extremely strange, to possess an animal in any form, whether with the affix form or the ''-ewei'' form. However you can use the clausal 'I have an [animal]' form to express this possession. Though I hesitate to ascribe cultural values to grammatical characteristics, this is an interesting contrast to many other languages which freely allow phrases such as 'my dog'; it would be worth testing the boundaries of this limitation, though I do not explore that topic on this page.

Elise at 22:17, 10 May 2012

2012-05-10T22:17:35Z

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			Possession in Mi'gmaq divides into two categories: [[Possession#Terminology\|alienable]] and [[Possession#Terminology\|inalienable]]. Alienable possession refers (loosely) to the possession of a [[Nouns\|noun]] whose ownership might be switched (like an inanimate object), and inalienable possession refers to a relationship that cannot change (like body parts being possessed by their owners, and family members being related to each other). An interesting thing about Mi'gmaq inalienably possessed nouns is that they cannot appear without a possessor.
	Possession in Mi'gmaq divides into two categories: [[Possession#Terminology\|alienable]] and [[Possession#Terminology\|inalienable]]. Alienable possession refers (loosely) to the possession of ~~an item~~ whose ownership might be switched (like an inanimate object), and inalienable possession refers to a relationship that cannot change (like body parts being possessed by their owners, and family members being related to each other). An interesting thing about Mi'gmaq inalienably possessed nouns is that they cannot appear without a possessor.

	In addition to those two categories, there are also multiple possibilities for the form that Mi'gmaq possession takes. It may be expressed by...		In addition to those two categories, there are also multiple possibilities for the form that Mi'gmaq possession takes. It may be expressed by...

Elise: /* Terminology */

2012-05-10T22:10:45Z

Terminology

Elise at 22:09, 10 May 2012

2012-05-10T22:09:47Z

Show changes

Elise at 15:56, 10 May 2012

2012-05-10T15:56:10Z

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	Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are '''possessor''' and '''possessum'''. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possessum. In "the music of Beethoven," "Beethoven" is the possessor, and "music" is the possessum.		Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are '''possessor''' and '''possessum'''. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possessum. In "the music of Beethoven," "Beethoven" is the possessor, and "music" is the possessum.


			This page still under construction--[[User:Elise\|Elise]] 10:56, 10 May 2012 (CDT)

Elise at 19:07, 9 May 2012

2012-05-09T19:07:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:07, 9 May 2012
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	Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are possessor and possessum. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possessum. In "the music of Beethoven," "Beethoven" is the possessor, and "music" is the possessum.		Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are '''possessor''' and '''possessum'''. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possessum. In "the music of Beethoven," "Beethoven" is the possessor, and "music" is the possessum.

Elise: Created page with "Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are possessor and possessum. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possess..."

2012-05-09T19:06:50Z

Created page with "Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are possessor and possessum. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possess..."

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Possession must be a relationship between two nouns: our names for these nouns are possessor and possessum. In "Tom's sister," "Tom" is the possessor, and "sister" is the possessum. In "the music of Beethoven," "Beethoven" is the possessor, and "music" is the possessum.

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	=Terminology=		=Terminology=
	The possession page uses as few obscure terms as possible, but some of these are unavoidable. The following definitions might help:		The possession page uses as few obscure terms as possible, but some of these are unavoidable. The following definitions might help:
	*Alienable: a kind of possession where the possessed object might change owners. The relationship it has to its owner is not fundamental. For instance, you can have a book and give it to somebody else. It was yours and now it is theirs--the relationship has changed.		*'''Alienable''': a kind of possession where the possessed object might change owners. The relationship it has to its owner is not fundamental. For instance, you can have a book and give it to somebody else. It was yours and now it is theirs--the relationship has changed.
	*Inalienable: a kind of possession where the relationship between the possessor and possessum is fundamental. For instance, your sister will always be your sister; this relationship cannot change. The same goes for other relationships, like how your foot will always be your foot.		*'''Inalienable''': a kind of possession where the relationship between the possessor and possessum is fundamental. For instance, your sister will always be your sister; this relationship cannot change. The same goes for other relationships, like how your foot will always be your foot.
	**in Mi'gmaq, body parts and family members are all inalienably possessed. A simple rule of thumb proposed by Janine Metallic and her family is "can we sell it at the craft fair?" with the non-sellable items being inalienably possessed, and the sellable items being alienably possessed. However, as with all rules of thumb, there are some exceptions. For example, "husband" and "wife" are both alienable, though we would predict that they are inalienable. Likewise, "friend" is inalienable, though it might be predicted to be alienable.		**in Mi'gmaq, body parts and family members are all inalienably possessed. A simple rule of thumb proposed by Janine Metallic and her family is "can we sell it at the craft fair?" with the non-sellable items being inalienably possessed, and the sellable items being alienably possessed. However, as with all rules of thumb, there are some exceptions. For example, "husband" and "wife" are both alienable, though we would predict that they are inalienable. Likewise, "friend" is inalienable, though it might be predicted to be alienable.
	*Affix: a unit that attaches to a root word. They can change the meaning of the total word ("believable" plus the affix ''un-'' becomes "unbelievable," a totally different meaning) or can simply add information about it ("walk" plus the affix ''-ed'' makes "walked", which tells us that it is past tense).		*'''Affix''': a unit that attaches to a root word. They can change the meaning of the total word ("believable" plus the affix ''un-'' becomes "unbelievable," a totally different meaning) or can simply add information about it ("walk" plus the affix ''-ed'' makes "walked", which tells us that it is past tense).
	**Prefix: an affix that attaches to the start of a word.		**'''Prefix''': an affix that attaches to the start of a word.
	**Suffix: an affix that attaches at the end of a word.		**'''Suffix''': an affix that attaches at the end of a word.
	*Phonology: the subject focusing on how words are pronounced/realized in speech.		*'''Phonology''': the subject focusing on how words are pronounced/realized in speech.
	*Pronoun: a word that is itself a noun and refers to somebody in the discourse (either the speaker, listener, or somebody mentioned earlier).		*'''Pronoun''': a word that is itself a noun and refers to somebody in the discourse (either the speaker, listener, or somebody mentioned earlier).
	**Possessive pronoun: a pronoun expressing possession. Ex: my/mine, etc.		**'''Possessive pronoun''': a pronoun expressing possession. Ex: my/mine, etc.
	*Possessor: the noun which possesses something or someone. Here, possession can either be an expression of ownership (as in "Bob's shoe") or an expression of a relationship between two people (as in "her father").		*'''Possessor''': the noun which possesses something or someone. Here, possession can either be an expression of ownership (as in "Bob's shoe") or an expression of a relationship between two people (as in "her father").
	*Possessum: the noun which is possessed by something or someone, as in above. In "Bob's shoe," the shoe is the possessum, and in "her father," the father is the possessum.		*'''Possessum''': the noun which is possessed by something or someone, as in above. In "Bob's shoe," the shoe is the possessum, and in "her father," the father is the possessum.
	*Root/Stem: the main part of a word to which affixes may attach. In terms of possession, the root is often a noun (either the possessor or a possessum) which then gets possessive affixes attached to it.		*'''Root/Stem''': the main part of a word to which affixes may attach. In terms of possession, the root is often a noun (either the possessor or a possessum) which then gets possessive affixes attached to it.

	Abbreviations:		Abbreviations: